What's wrong with renal insufficiency?
Renal insufficiency is a common chronic disease that has received widespread attention in recent years. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide you with a detailed analysis of the definition, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of renal insufficiency, and provide structured data for easy understanding.
1. Definition of renal insufficiency
Renal insufficiency means that the filtration, excretion, regulation and other functions of the kidneys are impaired due to various reasons, and the kidneys are unable to maintain normal physiological activities. According to the duration of the disease, it can be divided into acute renal insufficiency and chronic renal insufficiency.
| type | Features |
|---|---|
| acute renal insufficiency | The onset is sudden, the course is short, and some patients can fully recover. |
| chronic renal insufficiency | The disease has a long course, slow progression, and is usually irreversible |
2. Causes of renal insufficiency
The causes of renal insufficiency are complex and diverse. The following are some common causes that have been hotly discussed recently:
| Cause classification | specific reasons |
|---|---|
| primary kidney disease | Glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, etc. |
| secondary disease | Diabetes, hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. |
| Drug or poison injury | Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, heavy metal poisoning, etc. |
| other factors | Urinary tract obstruction, severe dehydration, infection, etc. |
3. Symptoms of renal insufficiency
The symptoms of renal insufficiency vary depending on the severity of the condition. The following are typical symptoms that have been discussed more recently by patients:
| Symptom classification | Specific performance |
|---|---|
| Early symptoms | Fatigue, loss of appetite, increased nocturia, mild edema |
| mid-term symptoms | Anemia, high blood pressure, itchy skin, muscle twitching |
| Late symptoms | Severe edema, difficulty breathing, confusion, decreased urine output or no urine |
4. Diagnosis of renal insufficiency
The diagnosis of renal insufficiency requires a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. The following are the diagnostic methods recently recommended by the medical community:
| Check items | significance |
|---|---|
| Serum creatinine and urea nitrogen | Assess kidney filtration function |
| Urine routine | Detect urine protein, red blood cells and other abnormalities |
| Kidney B-ultrasound | Observe kidney size and structural changes |
| Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) | Important indicators for judging renal function stage |
5. Treatment of renal insufficiency
The treatment of renal insufficiency requires an individualized plan based on the cause and condition. The following are treatments that have been hotly debated recently:
| Treatment | Specific measures |
|---|---|
| Cause treatment | Control blood sugar and blood pressure, stop taking nephrotoxic drugs, etc. |
| Diet management | Low-salt, low-protein, low-phosphorus diet |
| drug treatment | Correct anemia, regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism, diuretics, etc. |
| alternative treatment | Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplantation |
6. Prevention of renal insufficiency
The key to preventing renal insufficiency lies in early intervention and health management. Here are the preventive measures recently emphasized by health experts:
| Precautions | specific suggestions |
|---|---|
| Regular physical examination | Check kidney function annually, especially if there is a family history or chronic disease |
| Control underlying diseases | Strictly manage chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension |
| Rational use of medication | Avoid drug abuse, especially nephrotoxic drugs |
| healthy lifestyle | Stop smoking, limit alcohol consumption, exercise moderately, and get enough sleep |
7. Discussion of recent hot topics
1.The proportion of young people with renal insufficiency is increasing: Recent data shows that the incidence of renal insufficiency among people aged 20-40 has increased, which may be related to factors such as staying up late, eating high-salt foods, and abusing health care products.
2.Impact on kidney function after recovery from COVID-19: Some recovered COVID-19 patients have abnormal renal function, and experts recommend regular monitoring of renal function after recovery.
3.Progress in new treatment technologies: New technologies such as bioartificial kidneys and stem cell therapy have made progress in clinical trials, bringing new hope to patients with renal insufficiency.
4.Traditional Chinese Medicine Assisted Treatment: The role of traditional Chinese medicines such as astragalus and rhubarb in improving kidney function has aroused heated discussion, but they must be used under the guidance of a professional doctor.
Conclusion
Renal insufficiency is a chronic disease that requires long-term management, and early detection and intervention are crucial. By understanding the causes, symptoms and treatments, combined with a healthy lifestyle, you can effectively slow the progression of the disease. If you or your family members develop relevant symptoms, please seek medical treatment promptly and undergo professional examination.
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